Unlocking Australia’s Solar Car Park Potential
Australia has emerged as a global frontrunner in adopting rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, yet one area that remains largely unexplored is outdoor car parks.
A recent study conducted by the Australian National University (ANU) indicates that there are approximately 40,000 outdoor parking facilities with over 80 car spaces each. If 60 per cent of this space were to be covered with solar panels, it could yield a capacity of 12.3 gigawatts (GW) and produce 34 terawatt hours (TWh) annually.
Untapped Potential
Dr Shahid Ali, a researcher at ANU, highlights the untapped potential of solar energy in parking lots. By transforming car parks with solar panel roofing, several benefits can be realised, including keeping vehicles cool, preserving undeveloped land, and generating substantial revenue through electricity sales. Additionally, integrating on-site solar power can seamlessly support electric vehicle (EV) charging stations, offering customers a convenient charging solution.
Increasing Electric Vehicle Adoption
As of September, Australia had purchased 69,962 new EVs in the current year, showing a rise from 65,753 units sold during the same period in 2023. This surge in EV adoption has prompted discussions on transitioning big industrial emitters to renewable energy sources.
Ali’s research was inspired by exploring how industrial emitters could shift towards renewables. Conversations with these entities revealed that solar panels could only be feasibly installed on rooftops and car parks due to the need to keep other areas clear. However, Ali noted a lack of policy support for this concept at the government level.
Ali emphasises the need for policymakers to recognise the vast available space across Australia for solar energy generation and the potential to meet the increasing energy demands driven by the growing number of electric vehicles entering the market.
Financial Viability
In 2022, the French Senate mandated that car parks with 80-400 spaces install solar shades, a move that could provide energy equivalent to approximately 13 nuclear power plants. While Australia has not fully embraced the concept of solar car parks, interest has been steadily increasing over the past five years.
Companies like Smart Commercial Solar and Vicinity Centres have spearheaded solar car park projects, such as the 5.8 MW system at Elizabeth City Centre and the 2.2 MW installation at Castle Plaza shopping centre in Adelaide. These initiatives demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of solar car parks in Australia.
According to Huon Hoogesteger, managing director of Smart Commercial Solar, solar car parks may initially cost 30 per cent more than traditional shading methods but offer a return on investment within six years through energy generation. Additionally, covered car parks can attract more customers, increase revenue, and appeal to EV drivers.
Sustainable Solutions
Companies are increasingly utilising bifacial solar panels that capture light from both sides, enhancing energy generation through the albedo effect. This not only provides electricity but also adds architectural value to the site, making it more appealing to visitors.
Hoogesteger highlights the structural benefits of car park solar installations, addressing issues faced by buildings with rooftop solar systems. The open area of a car park offers amenities like charging stations, lighting, and architectural enhancements, making it an attractive and practical solution for sustainable energy generation.
With decreasing costs and faster installation times, the adoption of solar car parks is on the rise in Australia, offering a promising avenue for renewable energy integration and sustainable urban development.
